{"id":719,"date":"2026-01-23T15:11:05","date_gmt":"2026-01-23T07:11:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/"},"modified":"2026-01-23T15:16:09","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T07:16:09","slug":"mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, Lo\u1ea1i &amp; Quy tr\u00ecnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Mat_na_han_PCB_la_gi\" >M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Cong_dung_cua_mat_na_han_trong_PCB_la_gi\" >C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n trong PCB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Cac_loai_mat_na_han_khac_nhau_la_gi\" >C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Mau_sac_tieu_chuan_cua_mat_na_han_PCB_la_gi\" >M\u00e0u s\u1eafc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Do_day_cua_mat_na_han_nen_la_bao_nhieu\" >\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n n\u00ean l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Vat_lieu_nao_duoc_su_dung_cho_mat_na_han_PCB\" >V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Lam_the_nao_de_ap_dung_mat_na_han_tren_PCB\" >L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n tr\u00ean PCB?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Lam_the_nao_de_chon_muc_mat_na_han_PCB\" >L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ef1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Lam_the_nao_de_loai_bo_mat_na_han_khoi_PCB\" >L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n kh\u1ecfi PCB?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/vi\/2026\/01\/23\/mat-na-han-pcb-vat-lieu-loai-quy-trinh\/#Cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_mat_na_han_bang_mach\" >C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/2026\/01\/23\/pcb-solder-mask\/\" title=\"\">M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB), ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0n b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n, do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a, h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i qua m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mat_na_han_PCB_la_gi\"><\/span>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/2026\/01\/23\/pcb-solder-mask\/\" title=\"\">M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in. N\u00f3 bao ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng trong khi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0n, l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. N\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0n ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a, \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc nh\u1ecf.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trang tr\u00ed. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3, c\u1ea7u h\u00e0n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m.  <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"556\" height=\"355\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-Is-PCB-Solder-Mask.png\" alt=\"M&#x1EB7;t n&#x1EA1; h&#xE0;n PCB l&#xE0; g&#xEC;, https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/2026\/01\/23\/pcb-solder-mask\/\" class=\"wp-image-715\" style=\"width:556px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-Is-PCB-Solder-Mask.png 556w, https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-Is-PCB-Solder-Mask-300x192.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong_dung_cua_mat_na_han_trong_PCB_la_gi\"><\/span>C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n trong PCB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch: <\/strong>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n che ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed3ng, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0n b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n, tr\u00e1nh ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: <\/strong>Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch kh\u1ecfi oxy h\u00f3a, \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd PCB.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n: <\/strong>T\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c khe h\u1edf m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n (l\u1ed9 ra c\u00e1c pad h\u00e0n) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n: <\/strong>Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u in l\u1ee5a (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u linh ki\u1ec7n), t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_loai_mat_na_han_khac_nhau_la_gi\"><\/span>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n LPI (Liquid Photoimageable):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i qua m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n LPI cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00e2n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c.   <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n phim kh\u00f4: <\/strong>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n phim kh\u00f4 c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m r\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc n\u00e9t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u00edt linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n cho \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n epoxy:<\/strong> M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n epoxy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch in l\u1ee5a. N\u00f3 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t m\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mau_sac_tieu_chuan_cua_mat_na_han_PCB_la_gi\"><\/span>M\u00e0u s\u1eafc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>M\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y<\/strong> v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u00e0u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB. M\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 in l\u1ee5a. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00e0u \u0111en<\/strong> mang l\u1ea1i v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i cao c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00e0u xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00e0u tr\u1eafng<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea3ng LED nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00e0u v\u00e0ng<\/strong> \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n cao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"622\" height=\"421\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-Color-is-the-Standard-PCB-Solder-Mask.png\" alt=\"M&#xE0;u s&#x1EAF;c ti&#xEA;u chu&#x1EA9;n c&#x1EE7;a m&#x1EB7;t n&#x1EA1; h&#xE0;n PCB l&#xE0; g&#xEC;, https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/2026\/01\/23\/pcb-solder-mask\/\" class=\"wp-image-710\" style=\"width:610px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-Color-is-the-Standard-PCB-Solder-Mask.png 622w, https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/What-Color-is-the-Standard-PCB-Solder-Mask-300x203.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 622px) 100vw, 622px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Do_day_cua_mat_na_han_nen_la_bao_nhieu\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n n\u00ean l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft <strong>c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1eeb 15\u201325 \u03bcm (0,015\u20130,025 mm)<\/strong>, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho kho\u1ea3ng 90% c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t bao g\u1ed3m: m\u1ea1ch t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 10\u201315 \u03bcm \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i l\u00ean t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u; c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao\/c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 m\u00f4-\u0111un c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean 25\u201330 \u03bcm; m\u1ef1c m\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (tr\u1eafng, v\u00e0ng, \u0111en) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 25\u201335 \u03bcm do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ee7. <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"579\" height=\"385\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/How-Thick-Should-a-Solder-Mask-be.png\" alt=\"&#x110;&#x1ED9; d&#xE0;y c&#x1EE7;a m&#x1EB7;t n&#x1EA1; h&#xE0;n n&#xEA;n l&#xE0; bao nhi&#xEA;u, https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/2026\/01\/23\/pcb-solder-mask\/\" class=\"wp-image-712\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/How-Thick-Should-a-Solder-Mask-be.png 579w, https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/How-Thick-Should-a-Solder-Mask-be-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vat_lieu_nao_duoc_su_dung_cho_mat_na_han_PCB\"><\/span>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n<\/strong> l\u00e0 <strong>polymer g\u1ed1c epoxy<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1i ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m <strong>ch\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o \u1ea3nh cho ph\u01a1i UV<\/strong>, s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao, <strong>h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ion th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 laminate<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"630\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/PCB-solder-mask-material.png\" alt=\"V&#x1EAD;t li&#x1EC7;u m&#x1EB7;t n&#x1EA1; h&#xE0;n PCB, https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/2026\/01\/23\/pcb-solder-mask\/\" class=\"wp-image-723\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.2525189893039839;width:546px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/PCB-solder-mask-material.png 630w, https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/PCB-solder-mask-material-300x240.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lam_the_nao_de_ap_dung_mat_na_han_tren_PCB\"><\/span>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n tr\u00ean PCB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcb.vn\/2026\/01\/23\/pcb-solder-mask\/\" title=\"\">Quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB<\/a><\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: <\/strong>L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y d\u1ea7u ki\u1ec1m trong 5-10 ph\u00fat, d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u \u22645mg\/m\u00b2; kh\u1eafc vi m\u00f4 l\u00e0m nh\u00e1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch amoni persulfate \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m Ra=0,3-0,5\u03bcm, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u1edf 1-1,5\u03bcm; s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng 80\u2103 trong 5 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba bong b\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ef1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>In l\u1ee5a: <\/strong>M\u00e0n h\u00ecnh 600 l\u01b0\u1edbi, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t g\u1ea1t 0,2-0,3MPa, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u2264\u00b12\u03bcm, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Phun ph\u1ee7: <\/strong>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch c\u1ea5p 1000, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00f2i phun 15-20cm t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng, ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u 15-25\u03bcm, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>LPI Liquid Photoimageable: <\/strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 0,05mm, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 10-30\u03bcm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. N\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf 70-80\u2103 trong 20-40 ph\u00fat, d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung m\u00f4i \u22641%, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng \u2264\u00b12\u2103 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u do qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh ph\u01a1i phim th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00b10,05mm; h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp laser LDI cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao h\u01a1n, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho BGA c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u22640,1mm, UV k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p quang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dung d\u1ecbch natri cacbonat 1% phun h\u00f2a tan m\u1ef1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u1ebfu\/qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. \u0110\u00f3ng r\u1eafn sau<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00f3ng r\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t: <\/strong>N\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf 140-150\u2103 trong 30-60 ph\u00fat, nh\u1ef1a epoxy ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o; \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 UV t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u22656H \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u00fat ch\u00ec.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. X\u1eed l\u00fd sau<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 kim\/v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc; x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t pad (HASL\/ENIG); c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng dung m\u00f4i (x\u00e1c minh ng\u00e2m trong dichloromethane).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lam_the_nao_de_chon_muc_mat_na_han_PCB\"><\/span>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ef1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn m\u1ef1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB n\u00ean lu\u00f4n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi s\u1edf th\u00edch m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng bong tr\u00f3c, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u01b0\u1edbt h\u00e0n k\u00e9m.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1i ch\u1ea3y.<\/strong>  L\u1eafp r\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng. M\u1ef1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh qua nhi\u1ec1u chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, bi\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ti\u1ebfp theo, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. <\/strong>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ef1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ion th\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01a1i r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo th\u1eddi gian. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sau \u0111\u00f3, xem x\u00e9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/strong>  M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ef1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB b\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ENIG, trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi HASL ho\u1eb7c OSP. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng m\u00e9p xung quanh c\u00e1c pad, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc nhu c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. <\/strong>M\u1ef1c c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u01a1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. M\u1ef1c m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00fang ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. <\/strong>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3ng tr\u00f4ng sau khi l\u00e3o h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lam_the_nao_de_loai_bo_mat_na_han_khoi_PCB\"><\/span>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n kh\u1ecfi PCB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea1o\/ch\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: <\/strong>S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf (&lt;5mm\u00b2) ho\u1eb7c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5: <\/strong>L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt\/d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (g\u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u226415\u00b0), b\u00fat s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh (\u0111\u1ea7u 0,5-1mm)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thao t\u00e1c:<\/strong> C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh PCB tr\u00ean mi\u1ebfng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, c\u1ea1o \u1edf g\u00f3c 10-20\u00b0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u00e9t nh\u1eb9 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng; b\u00fat s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c vi m\u00f4 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 BGA<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>R\u1ee7i ro: <\/strong>Ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo kh\u1ea9u trang N95 + k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 + thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00fat b\u1ee5i; tr\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba r\u00e1ch s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m dung m\u00f4i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: <\/strong>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf khu v\u1ef1c l\u1edbn c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn UV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn dung m\u00f4i:<\/strong> Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y s\u01a1n g\u1ed1c dichloromethane (hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cao), acetone (ch\u1ec9 cho \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n), ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh: <\/strong>Thao t\u00e1c trong t\u1ee7 h\u00fat ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5; \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng dung m\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng t\u0103m b\u00f4ng \u22643 ph\u00fat, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea1o polyimide, r\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng IPA sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf 60\u00b0C trong 5 ph\u00fat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>An to\u00e0n: <\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u0103ng tay nitrile + m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc; th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ch \u1edf m\u00e9p b\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1eaft laser<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: <\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh tinh ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ea3ng HDI\/x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t (\u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u00b110\u03bcm)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: <\/strong>Laser UV (355nm, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3-5J\/cm\u00b2) ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n LPI; laser CO\u2082 (10,6\u03bcm) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: <\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, kh\u00f4ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ec7p CAD, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng m\u1ea1ch RF<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba: <\/strong>\u0110\u1eb7t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh pad Solder Mask Expansion=Tented trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m EDA; c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u00e2m (-50% k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc pad) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c khe h\u1edf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>X\u00e1c minh: <\/strong>B\u1eadt DRC \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7u m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n (\u22654mil) v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi khe h\u1edf; \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c linh ki\u1ec7n BGA\/0201)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ea3ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (\u03bcm)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Khu v\u1ef1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Chi ph\u00ed<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C\u1ea1o v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/td><td>\u00b150<\/td><td>5cm?<\/td><td>Cao<\/td><td>Th\u1ea5p ($10)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>H\u00f2a tan h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td><td>\u00b1100<\/td><td>20cm?<\/td><td>C\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao<\/td><td>Trung b\u00ecnh ($20-50)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C\u1eaft laser<\/td><td>\u00b110<\/td><td>B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3<\/td><td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td><td>Cao (&gt;$5k)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/td><td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/td><td>To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3ng<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td>Ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi gian k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd\/h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> Nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m c\u1ea1o pad v\u00e0ng\/ENIG; x\u1eed l\u00fd sau y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m tra \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ion IPC-570<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p laser: <\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 xung tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n FR4 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba cacbon h\u00f3a; s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa sau y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_mat_na_han_bang_mach\"><\/span>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Q1: M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n c\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><br\/>A1: <strong>Kh\u00f4ng<\/strong>, m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00e0u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c nhau theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Q2: \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><br\/>A2: <strong>C\u00f3<\/strong>, c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n k\u00e9m, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7u h\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Q3: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kem h\u00e0n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><br\/>A3: <strong>L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n l\u00e0 l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 d\u1ea7u xanh (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c pad)<\/strong>, trong khi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kem h\u00e0n (khu\u00f4n) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f4i kem h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Q4: L\u1ed7 m\u1edf c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n n\u00ean l\u1edbn h\u01a1n pad bao nhi\u00eau?<\/strong><br\/>A4: Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed7 m\u1edf c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n <strong>0,1mm \u0111\u1ebfn 0,2mm (0,004 inch \u0111\u1ebfn 0,008 inch)<\/strong> so v\u1edbi pad \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady khi h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Q5: L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n?<\/strong><br\/>A5: <strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u01b0 bong b\u00f3ng, n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh k\u00e9m<\/strong>, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 m\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00e0n PCB l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB), ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":720,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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